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White Tea - Perciavalle Health and Science News
White Tea

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White Tea

White tea comes from the same plant as many other teas such as green tea, Camilli sinensis, but it is manufactured differently and undergoes less oxidation. Because of this, white tea contains a greater content of catechins, which are antioxidants. [1]

White Tea Effects on Skin

White Tea Increases Collagen Levels

Studies have shown that white tea aids in the prevention of wrinkles caused by old age. [2] Both collagen and elastin are extraordinarily important components of connective tissues that are responsible for the elasticity and strength of skin[3], and the destruction of them leads to wrinkles associated with age. [4] The molecules that are responsible for the degradation of elastin and collagen are known as collagenases and elastases, respectively. Elastases and collagenases are also up-regulated in people with diseases of inflammation, like rheumatoid arthritis. [5] White tea greatly reduced the activity of elastase by 87%, and collagenase by 89%. [2] White tea also had very high anti-oxidant activity and was able to slow the production of free radicals by 88%. [2] The outstanding anti-collagenase and anti-elastase activity is attributed to the high-concentration of EGCG (epigallocatechin gallate) in white tea. EGCG is a strong antioxidant and has many beneficial characteristics, including anti-cancer. [6]

White Tea Protects Against UV Damage

Research has shown that white tea also protects the skin from the UV damaging effects of the sun. White tea was determined to prevent Langerhans cells from undergoing apoptosis, which is cell death. [7] Langerhans cells are immune cells that are located in the outer layer of the skin and are the very first to discover toxic objects, such as, cancerous proteins and bacteria. However, because of their location they are very very sensitive to Ultra Violet radiation. [8] In this study, the Case Medical Center researchers topically applied white tea extract to the patient's skin before exposing them to artificial light. After UV exposure, the areas of skin where white tea had been applied had less DNA damage compared to areas with no white tea. [7] It is important to recognize that the DNA damage resulting from UV exposure is the initiating event in skin cancer. [9]

White Tea and Obesity

It is well known that epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) has an anti-obesity effect. [10] [11] It has been shown that obese mice administered green tea high in EGCG showed a reduction in adipose tissue and a loss in body weight after eight weeks. [12] White tea has an even higher content of EGCG than green tea, thus, should have the same anti-obesity effect. [1] Indeed, white tea extract does inhibit adipogenesis and induces lipolytic activity. [13] Researchers have demonstrated that pre-adipocytes (fat cells) incubated with a white tea extract solution, were unable to take up triglycerides and did not undergo normal adipogenesis, or the formation of new adipocytes. Specifically, the white tea extract induced upregulated genes associated with the growth of new fat cells. [13] In addition, the white tea extract stimulated lipolytic activity in the adipocytes, which essentially means white tea promoted the breaking down of fat in those cells. [13]






References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Hilal, Y; Engelhardt U. (2007). "Characterisation of white tea – Comparison to green and black tea". J Verbr Lebensm (2): 414–421. doi:10.1007/s00003-007-0250-3. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Thring, Tamsyn S A; Pauline Hili, Declan P Naughton (2009). "Anti-collagenase, anti-elastase and anti-oxidant activities of extracts from 21 plants". BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 9: 27. doi:10.1186/1472-6882-9-27. ISSN 1472-6882. 
  3. ↑ Di Lullo, Gloria A; Shawn M Sweeney, Jarmo Korkko, Leena Ala-Kokko, James D San Antonio (2002-02-08). "Mapping the ligand-binding sites and disease-associated mutations on the most abundant protein in the human, type I collagen". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 277 (6): 4223-4231. doi:10.1074/jbc.M110709200. ISSN 0021-9258. 
  4. ↑ Fisher, Gary J; Taihao Quan, Trupta Purohit, Yuan Shao, Moon Kyun Cho, Tianyuan He, James Varani, Sewon Kang, John J Voorhees (2009-01). "Collagen fragmentation promotes oxidative stress and elevates matrix metalloproteinase-1 in fibroblasts in aged human skin". The American Journal of Pathology 174 (1): 101-114. doi:10.2353/ajpath.2009.080599. ISSN 1525-2191. 
  5. ↑ Alvaro-Gracia, J M; N J Zvaifler, G S Firestein (1990-12). "Cytokines in chronic inflammatory arthritis. V. Mutual antagonism between interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha on HLA-DR expression, proliferation, collagenase production, and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor production by rheumatoid arthritis synoviocytes". The Journal of Clinical Investigation 86 (6): 1790-1798. doi:10.1172/JCI114908. ISSN 0021-9738. 
  6. ↑ Qiao, Yanyan; Jinyan Cao, Liangqun Xie, Xiaolin Shi (2009-09). "Cell growth inhibition and gene expression regulation by (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate in human cervical cancer cells". Archives of Pharmacal Research 32 (9): 1309-1315. doi:10.1007/s12272-009-1917-3. ISSN 0253-6269. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Camouse, Melissa M; Diana Santo Domingo, Freddie R Swain, Edward P Conrad, Mary S Matsui, Daniel Maes, Lieve Declercq, Kevin D Cooper, Seth R Stevens, Elma D Baron (2009-06). "Topical application of green and white tea extracts provides protection from solar-simulated ultraviolet light in human skin". Experimental Dermatology 18 (6): 522-526. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0625.2008.00818.x. ISSN 1600-0625. 
  8. ↑ Merad, Miriam; Florent Ginhoux, Matthew Collin (2008-12). "Origin, homeostasis and function of Langerhans cells and other langerin-expressing dendritic cells". Nature Reviews. Immunology 8 (12): 935-947. doi:10.1038/nri2455. ISSN 1474-1741. 
  9. ↑ Nakanishi, Makoto; Hiroyuki Niida, Hiroshi Murakami, Midori Shimada (2009-11). "DNA damage responses in skin biology--implications in tumor prevention and aging acceleration". Journal of Dermatological Science 56 (2): 76-81. doi:10.1016/j.jdermsci.2009.09.001. ISSN 1873-569X. 
  10. ↑ Moon, Hyun-Seuk; Hong-Gu Lee, Yun-Jaie Choi, Tae-Gyu Kim, Chong-Su Cho (2007-04-25). "Proposed mechanisms of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate for anti-obesity". Chemico-Biological Interactions 167 (2): 85-98. doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2007.02.008. ISSN 0009-2797. 
  11. ↑ Moon, Hyun-Seuk; Chung-Soo Chung, Hong-Gu Lee, Tae-Gyu Kim, Yun-Jaie Choi, Chong-Su Cho (2007-11). "Inhibitory effect of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate on lipid accumulation of 3T3-L1 cells". Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) 15 (11): 2571-2582. doi:10.1038/oby.2007.309. ISSN 1930-7381. 
  12. ↑ Lee, Mak-Soon; Chong-Tai Kim, Yangha Kim (2009). "Green tea (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate reduces body weight with regulation of multiple genes expression in adipose tissue of diet-induced obese mice". Annals of Nutrition & Metabolism 54 (2): 151-157. doi:10.1159/000214834. ISSN 1421-9697. 
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 Söhle, Jörn; Anja Knott, Ursula Holtzmann, Ralf Siegner, Elke Grönniger, Andreas Schepky, Stefan Gallinat, Horst Wenck, Franz Stäb, Marc Winnefeld (2009). "White Tea extract induces lipolytic activity and inhibits adipogenesis in human subcutaneous (pre)-adipocytes". Nutrition & Metabolism 6: 20. doi:10.1186/1743-7075-6-20. ISSN 1743-7075. 
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